高考英语作文备考材料:英语写作各类题材鉴赏

高考英语作文备考材料:英语写作各类题材鉴赏发布时间：2019-06-08 21:33:33

高考英语作文备考材料 英语写作各类题材鉴赏
一、介绍人物
请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且须包括以下三部分内容：
1.对该人物的简单介绍    2.喜欢该人物的理由    3.从该人物身上得到的启示。
Sample 2: Helen Keller
Every time I read “…..if I had the power of sight for three days”, I cannot help being moved by its author Helen Keller, an ordinary but great American woman.
I admire Helen because she is optimistic about life. She became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old. Since then she lived in a world of darkness and silence, and communication seemed only a dream for her, but she never gave up and struggled to lead an active life. Under the guidance of her teacher, Ms. Sulliven, Helen learned to read and write and became a famous writer. For a disabled person like her, this was really a wonder!
Helen has set an excellent example to all of us. Her story tells us that we should value what we have, and try our best go overcome any difficulty in life.
【写作指导】
1.介绍人物常用短语有：
work hard at…;do sth with great determination and perseverance（毅力）;be strict in sth./with sb.;
devote oneself to…;win a prize/the first prize in …competition;be good at… /do well in…;make rapid progress in …go through hardship/overcome many difficulties;have a gift/ talent for…
2 评价人物常用短语：
one of the best/ most important …;set a good example for…;a model teacher/worker;be respected by everyone;speak/ think highly of…;be honored as (an excellent athlete);His hard work brought him great success;… is the pride of …;make great contributions to…;be famous/known as;remember sb forever
二 介绍地点
一.常用句式和语言：
1.location(位置)
1)Our school lies near /behind / in front of / by the side of… / between / among…
2)There stands an old temple near the river.
3)Our city is located in…,
2.area (面积)
1)The size of our city is … square kilometers;
2)Tiananmen Square, the largest square in the world, covers / has an area of …
3)Tiananmen Square, with / covering an area of…, is the largest square in the world.
4)Our school , which takes up … thousand square meters, is very large in size.
3.surroundings (周边环境)
1)The beautiful town is located /situated on the west of the lake / to the west of the mountain / in the west of the province.
2)West of the city stands a tall building.
3)Surrounded by mountains on three sides, the small village faces a clear river on the east.
4.transport ( 交通)
1)It is very convenient for you to come to our city… 2)It takes … (time) to take a bus from…to...
3) … is only a few bus stops from downtown.      4) … is within easy reach.
5. population(人口)
1)Japan has a small population of
2)China is a developing country, with a population of 1.3 billion.
3)The population of our city is increasing year by year.
4)Eighty percent of the population here are farmers…
6.history (历史)
1)China has a history of over 5000 years.
2)Egypt is an Arabian country with a long history.
3)Built in the16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.
7.places of interest (名胜)
1)The places around our city are rich in a natural resources.
2)The city, known as…, attracts millions of visitors from all over the world.
3)The city is well-known / famous for its…/as…
4)The city is home/birthplace to …
5) … is a must-see for tourists, as…
6)The city offers visitors a moment’s rest from the busy city.
7) You are sure to have a wonderful time in…
8) Few visitors leave the city feeling disappointed.
9) Sydney is the biggest city in Australia, which has many places of interest, among which is the Opera House.
10) A walk around …is a feast for the mind as well as the eye.
Sample writing:
十堰市位于湖北省西北部，总面积2.5万平方公里，人口约340万，是一个只有几十年历史的城市；自然资源如矿产、森林、农产品等非常丰富；这里气候宜人，夏天不是太热，冬天不是太冷。武当山是十堰市著名的道教文化和风景胜地之一,每年吸引大量游客。也是中国著名的东风汽车公司和南水北调中线工程的发源地；交通便利、公共设施齐备；欢迎你来看看，必有收获。
(1)Shiyan is situated in the northwest of Hubei province, covering an area of 25,000 square kilometers. It has only dozens of years’history. The population of it is about 3.4 million. The climate is pleasant, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. It is rich in natural resources, such as mines, forests, farm products, plenty fresh water and so on.
Being a must-see, Wudang Mountain, famous for its Taoism（道教） culture and beautiful scenery, attracts many tourists from all over the world every year.
With high-grade railways, highways and airport systems set up, Shiyan enjoys developed transportation and convenient facilities. As the birthplace to the famous Dongfeng Motor Corporation and the home to middle route project of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project , Shiyan occupies a decisive position.
I’m convinced that if you come here, a stroll around Shiyan is a feast for the mind as well as the eye.
                                          三 描述图表
（请根据对某校2004-2007年这段时间学生中拥有QQ号人数的调查写一篇文章，要求描述变化并得出结论，词数150左右。
As is shown in the chart, the rate of students who owned QQs increased in the past four years from 2004 to 2007. Back in 2004, only 20% of them have QQs; one year later, the rate becomes twice larger; compared with about 50% in 2006, the rate in 2007 rose to 60%. Clearly, it is tending to increase.
In my opinion, the increase can be accounted for two factors. For one thing, the widespread use of the Internet makes it convenient for students to communicate with each other. For another, QQ provides all kinds of entertainments, such as playing games and enjoying music. What’s more, QQ has gradually become the main means for the public to know the latest news. Personally, students should make proper use of and not be addicted to QQ, and only so can it serve its purpose beautifully.
描述图表解题指导
考生可从以下三个方面着手：
1.开门见山地点明该该图表所反映的主题。经常使用的词汇有:table, chart, figure, graph, describe, tell, show, represent等。
2.分析数据见的主要差异及趋势,可采用分类式或对比式，并阐明理由。
A.写好图表作文的关键是记住一些常用的词和短语。例如：
a.描述图表变化趋势的词语：
上升：increase/ rise/ go up/ shoot up；下降：decrease/ reduce/ come down/ decline/ drop/ fall；快：quickly/ rapidly/ sharply/ dramatically; 慢:slowly/ gradually/ slightly；持续不变: remain steady/ remain unchanged
常用句型：在表格描述中常用as-clause。如:As is shown in…;As can be seen from…
b.表达比较与对比法常用句式与词语：
There are a lot of similarities between … and…；…is similar to…；similarly, likewise, in comparison, just like;
The difference between … and … lies in…；on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand
c.分析原因的词语：
lead to, result in, cause, be responsible for, account for, contribute to
d.表示一段时间始末的词组：
between 1986 and 1990; during/over the period from 1986 to 1990…
B.重点要突出：在行文过程中要注意，不要盲目地引用过多的或全部的表格上数据，不要做毫无目的、没有主次的数据的堆砌。除了可以直接引用有代表性的关键数字外，应该有目的地进行简单的计算，指出增减的百分比、倍数或绝对数字来。
3.归纳总结或发表看法。常用短语和句型: in a word, in short;It’s clear from the chart that…;We can draw the conclusion that …;We can learn/know that…等
四.书信、电子邮件
假如你是Liming, 你的朋友Lihua就高中选修科目的选择向你征求意见，请根据他发来的email进行回复.
Dear Liming,
I feel sorry for the dilemma you are facing. In my opinion, if you weigh up the pros and cons of your idea and your parents’, you will find your parents’ makes much more sense. Among my classmates, many choose science, such as chemistry and biology, just because science can provide more and better job opportunities than arts in the long run. Admittedly, some choose their electives on the basis of interest, saying they can enjoy what they are doing. But we may lose interest in what we always enjoy doing one day. Therefore, we cannot fully rely on interest to lead our way. You know the saying that it is no use doing what you like and you have got to like what you do. So it’s my sincere hope that you might just as well follow your parents’ opinion.
                                                                            Yours,
Lihua
书信、电子邮件类写作指导
1.开头语：
1) 常用开头语
a. How are you getting on recently?       b. Many thanks for your last letter.
2) 下面的开头语相当于汉语正式文体中的“某某人敬启”。
a. I write in a hurry to inform you that…   b. I’m very much delighted to inform you that…
2. 结尾语
常用结尾语有：
a. Good luck to you !                           b. Please give my best wishes to …
c. Wish you good health and remember me to…!     d. We are waiting for your good news.
e. I hope to receive your early reply. f. We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
五.演讲稿
(2008江苏卷)实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。

为何倾听	表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系
谁来倾听	家长倾听孩子	理解孩子，消除代沟，……
	老师倾听学生	了解学生，满足需求，……
	同学相互倾听	增进友谊，互帮互学，……
怎样倾听	（请考生联系自己拟定内容，列举两至三点。）

注意：1、对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2、词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
3、演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
Good afternoon, everyone,
The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.
Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship.Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed.
What I want to stress is that each of us should listen to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.
Thank you for your listening!
注意：
高考演讲稿以发言稿为主。发言稿总是以第一人称的口吻写，开头往往有称呼语，如“Boys and girls”, 或问候语，如 “Good morning/afternoon!”演讲稿的文字。演讲稿必须注意格式，即：称呼；问候；介绍；表述心情和谢意；介绍演讲的标题；演讲的内容；再次表示感谢。
六.对比观点题型议论文
要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1．有一些人认为… 2．另一些人认为… 3．我的看法…
（2005，全国Ⅱ）假设你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应迁出市区。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写一封信，反映讨论结果。

赞成迁出：	反对迁出：
1．游客多，交通堵塞 2．郊区环境好	1．建于1906年，中外闻名 2．搬迁易造成动物死亡

注意：1.词数100字左右，信的开头已为你写好。
           2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
           3.参考词汇：郊区—suburb
Dear Editor ,
Recently ,our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However ,other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years ,and is well –known at home and abroad .So it should remain where it is .What’s more ,moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.
                                                                                             Yours truly,
                                                       Li Hua
七.阐述主题题型议论文
要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述:
1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义 2.分析并举例使其更充实
阐述主题题型作文写作步骤:
第一段:总体描述:先用一句话描述当今社会的某种现象或者事物,并且用简单的话扩展说几句：主题句＋扩展句
第二段:举例说明现象：主题句＋举例1+举例2+举例3
第三段:表明自己的观点并结束全文：在结尾的时候，一定要表明自己的观点
Directions：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Pollutions. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:
1.目前污染问题已经成为人们普遍关注的一个问题 2.造成污染问题的原因； 3.解决办法。
Pollution has become a serious problem about which we worry. Wherever we turn, we find pollution: polluted air, polluted water, polluted food and polluted environment. And this is threatening the survival of the human race.
The real problem with pollution is people. It is people that throw millions of tons of waters into rivers, lakes and seas. It is also people that destroy biologic balance of nature. Ironically, it is the people themselves that must breathe, eat and drink their own pollutants.
We must do something to solve our environmental problems. First of all, we must let everyone see the importance of keeping our environment clean. Then we make more strict laws to protect our surroundings from being spoiled. Only when everyone makes a joint-effect to eliminate pollution can this problem be solved.
八.解决方法题型
这类作文一般为提纲式作文，多为说明文。通常首先提出一个有待解决的问题，然后要求考生就该问题提出解决方法，途径，有时还要求考生最后谈论适合自己的方法。这类题型的基本模式是：
第一段提出问题或阐述某件事情的重要性或意义；
第二段列举说明处理某事的方式或解决某个问题的途径；
第三段针对第二段所阐述的方法给予简要的评论，也可提出个人建议或选择，并阐述理由。此题型的写作重点在How, 即解决问题的办法。
模板①(As many people know, it is generally accepted that) 总述该问题．②指出问题表现一／解决问题的作用一．③Additionally, 指出问题表现二／解决问题的作用二．④Therefore, how to 总述该问题is worth paying more attention to　/ more attention from 应该关注问题的人群 (承上启下，表达解决该问题的必要性或紧迫性，引出解决方法).　
问题解决型常用句式
1.Nowadays, …has become a problem we have to face.
2.Here are some suggestions for handling…
3.The best way to solve the trouble is…
4.People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.
5.It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.
6.There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to…
7.There is no immediate solution to the problem of…, but … might be helpful/but the general awareness of the necessity of… might be the first step.
8.In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to…
9.Following these methods may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.
10.We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulty that…
11.There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of…
12.Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.
13.No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…
14.It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.
15.Taking all these factors into consideration/ Taking into account all these factors, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
16.All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
.九说明利弊题型
   这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
1.说明事物现状 2.事物本身的优缺点（或一方面） 3.你对现状（或前景）的看法
利弊题型作文模版：
Nowadays many people prefer -----Ａ（事物现状）because it has an important role in our daily life. Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First,----(Ａ的优点之一). Besides, -----（Ａ的优点之二）.
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ------(Ａ的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -----(我的看法)．
面对当前中学生“出国热”，请你以此为题，谈谈中学生出国留学的利与弊。（可以从以下几方面考虑，但不一定要面面俱到：年龄、生活经验、自理能力、生活学习费用、语言学习环境、传播民族文化、学习国外先进科学技术。字数：100—120个）
模板参考范文：
Nowadays many middle school students prefer studying abroad because it has an important role in our daily life. Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First it gives us a good surroundings for language study .Second we can learn foreign advanced science and technology. Besides we can also spread our national culture to foreign countries.
    But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that middle school students are too young to care of themselves and that they are lack of life experience.
To make matters worse,the cost for life and study is too high．
    Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to go abroad for my further education．
                             高分参考范文：
Studying abroad in recent years has been popular. More and more students leave their own country to go abroad for their further education. They say that they can develop better with advanced facilities and teaching methods in those modern schools. By communicating with foreign students or staying a long time with them, a profitable experience is available to them. By the time they come back home, they are supposed to have a great advantage over the students at home in many ways. I quite agree with what they say. But one fact I’d like to remind them of is that quite a number of overseas students are disappointed as they can’t obtain what they hope for, let alone success. When they are abroad, they are helpless and have to be independent, which is quite contrary to what it is at home. They lack independence, can’t even tell right and wrong apart, and as a result some of them even commit crimes. Therefore, whether it is good or not to study abroad depends on the individual. So take more factors into careful consideration.
十.高考漫画作文
1.体裁:夹叙夹议; 时态:一般现在时:人称:第三人称；思路:乐观向上
2.文章基本结构：第一部分：画面描写；第二部分；分析画面寓意（先写寓意,然后跳出画面,结合学生或现实实际,进一步展开论述）;第三部分:如何解决（简要提出建议）
3.基本步骤:
(1)读图:题目(眼睛);画面（细节）；文字（观点）；夸张（寓意）
(2)解意：辨明褒贬，找准角度 (angle)；联系生活，明晰主旨 (theme)
注意: 文字说明部分往往含有重要信息(clues)，切记要认真阅读！！！
(3)谋篇:描述画面→分析问题→解决问题
4．描述画面可用句型
As is vividly shown in the picture, …(As is vividly shown in the picture,a country boy is crying helpless in the darkness, longing eagerly for school education,in contrast, the city boy on the right is enjoying all the benefits.)
5．解释，说明和分析图片
(1)What is conveyed in the picture exactly mirrors the phenomenon of/that …
(The comparison indicates the phenomenon of education inequality in modern China. School-age country children are often dropping out of school due to poverty. Even those who managed to stay in school are still suffering from the low standards of educational facilities and academic qualities. Comparatively, city children have much better opportunities to receive good education. (results) Thus, school in the countryside generally have much lower enrollment rates than those in the city, which in turn worsens the problem of educational inequality.)
(2)The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously. To begin with, 揭示涵义/原因/结果1. What’s more, 揭示涵义/原因/结果2. Finally, 揭示涵义/原因/结果3(如果有的话).
And the social problem(如果是现象的话可以用phenomenon) has arisen the great concern of our whole society/world/all the people.
(3)But why does this happen?I think several factors contribute to this phenomenon.
Firstly,…Secondly,…Thirdly,…
6.给出自己的看法和想法以及解决问题的办法
So far as I am concerned, it is better to…+具体措施. Since +原因.Only in this way can we(people等)+美好前景
补充模板句型：
1)It is high time we took some measures to…/ Immediate measures should be taken to…
2)The government should make laws to…    3)We should raise people’s awareness of…
4)Everyone should make great efforts to… 5)Only if…, can we…
(To solve this problem , the government should spend more money on the improvement of education in rural areas.
Meanwhile, the media can appeal for the public donations for rural education. Moreover, all people in the community should be aware of the seriousness of the problem and do whatever to help. Only if we do these can
we have more social justice and thus make our society more harmonious)
范文欣赏
A请用“中秋节的等待”为题,用英语写一篇短文,描述下图的内容,并就此发表你的评论。要求：1.文章必须包括描述和评论两部分；2.词数为100左右。
Waiting on Mid-autumn Festival
In the picture above are an old couple sitting at the table. （完全倒装）Now it’s already 1:15 p. m. , but the old couple are still waiting for their son , daughter and grandchildren, leaving the carefully prepared dishes untouched. Anxious and worried, they both fix their eyes on the door, but no one has turned up yet. How disappointed they are.（感叹句，加强语气）
In China, the Mid-autumn Festival means all family members getting together. However, crowds of people live alone without their children’s company even on this special day. I don’t think it good only to provide our old parents with money and food. Actually, it’s our company as well as the family reunion that the old people enjoy.（强调句）So what we should do is to set aside some time for old people. Only in this way can they enjoy real happiness in life.（部分倒装）
B请用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，简要描述漫画内容，并结合生活实际，
就漫画主题发表感想，题目自拟。参考词汇：公民道德—civic virtue
                        十二.提高英语写作分数的62个词组
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的稳步增长the steady growth of people’s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that…   6.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern
7.不可否认 There is no denying that…    8.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
9.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument10.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…
11.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
12.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
13.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
14.导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
15.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
16.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
17.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
18.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills19.经济负担 financial burden
20.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration      21.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
22.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society        23.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
24.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…        25.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
26.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 27.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
28.方便快捷 convenient and efficient       29.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
30.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
31.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
32.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
33.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
34.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
35.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
36.长远利益. interest in the long run    37.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
38.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
39.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with the latest development of …
40.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
41.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …        42.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。
43.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。44.重视 attach great importance to…
45.社会地位 social status            46.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
47.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
48. 可以取代 “think”的词believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
49.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden50.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
51. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。52.代替 replace/ take the place of
53.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities54.毫无疑问There is no doubt that…
55.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding56.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
57.承受更大的工作压力 suffer from heavier work pressure
58.保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society
59.适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society
60.实现梦想 realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true
61.主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows:
62.我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go.

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